Martes, Nobyembre 8, 2011
Lunes, Oktubre 3, 2011
Linggo, Oktubre 2, 2011
Martes, Setyembre 6, 2011
Lunes, Agosto 8, 2011
LESSON 3 summary
This lesson is all about taking care of your computer,good work habits, proper typing position or posture and etc... all things should be taken care of such as computers, because our computers are very important cause we use it for our work, assignments, entertainment, etc... the computer is made up of two things, one is the hardware and the other one is the software. The different components of the computer is the keyboard, mouse, CPU, monitor, etc... nowadays mostly all the people around the world are using computers. But the computer has bad habits and good habits.
Miyerkules, Agosto 3, 2011
Miyerkules, Hulyo 27, 2011
kinds of computers
Different types of computers
Different types of computers
Different type of computers
Hi everyone, I had been busy the past couple of days and did not have the time to write articles. However, with the weekend approaching, I will be taking this opportunity to write a good many articles. Something over the past few days inspired me to write about computers.
Now computers are a passion of mine and I thought it would be a good idea to write about them. Also, being in the I.T. industry for a great many years, I feel obliged to write to my best extent on computers.
Now, I am beginning a series of articles here similar to the financial series of articles that I would be posting up soon.
Now, let us define computers: A computer is the most basic understanding is an electronic device that processes data, converting it into information that is useful to people.
Even at this very moment, you are using a computer to read this article, and the history of computers dates way back to the 17th century in what was known as Generation zero. If you are wondering, we are currently in the fifth generation with artificial intelligence, quantum computation, nanotechnology, etc;
Now, I will write on the history of computing which would be interesting to some people, and fascinating to others in another article.
In this article, I am going to talk more about the different computers that are present in the current world:
· Desktop computers
· Workstations
· Notebook computers
· Tablet computers
· Handheld computers
· Smart phones
· Supercomputers
· Mainframe computers
· Minicomputers
Desktop computers
Different type of computers
The most common computer used in today’s world are the desktop computers which were specially built for personal use be it at home or work. These computers are everywhere, from your office, to your house, schools, laboratories and even public places like a public library, universities and so on. There is a great chance that you have accessed this website using a desktop computer.
Today’s computers are brilliant at task management than many years ago. Today’s desktop computers can be used to communicate, produce music, edit photographs and videos, play sophisticated games, and much more.
As the name implies, a desktop computer is a full size computer that is too big to be carried around. Nowadays, most desktop computers are equipped with two primary hardware solutions – the monitor and a casing inside which is stored the central processing unit (CPU), the motherboard, the graphic card, storage devices, buses, power supply and so on.
A desktop computer is also equipped with a keyboard and mouse which are connected to their appropriate ports at the back of the casing.
Workstations
A workstation is a specialized, single user computer that typically has more power and features than a standard desktop computer. These machines are more popular in the lab of scientists, engineers or even animators who require a system with greater than average speed and power to perform sophisticated calculations, rendering, or high level tasks.
Workstations often have larger and higher resolution monitors, and accelerated graphics. In relation to this, I would give you an example : - such as the Quadro series of graphic cards. They are commonly used in workstations.
This higher specifications allow for advanced architectural engineering design, modeling ,animation and even video editing.
Notebook computers
Notebook computers as the name implies is approximately the size of an 8.5-11 inch notebook and can easily fit inside a briefcase. Since most people including yourself would set this device on your lap and use it conveniently in eateries, cafes, at the work place, in education institutions and so on, hence the name laptop.
Notebook computers can operate on alternating current or special batteries. These special device also weighs less than 8 pounds and some even lesser than three pounds.
Using a laptop is as simple as opening a book. Think of it as opening your notebook. Similarly, when a laptop is opened, the upper lid will present a screen or lcd monitor. At the bottom is the keyboard and beneath the keyboard is the specialty hardware such as the motherboard, cpu, hard-disk and so on.
The portability of laptops is one of the most major reasons for the increased use of laptops nowadays. They are the mobile computers that can be carried anywhere and used conveniently.
Tablet PC
Different type of computers
Tablet PC’s are some of the more newer developments in portable, full featured computers. Tablet PC’s just like a notebook offers the full range of functionalities except that they are lighter and accepts input from pen/pointers known as a stylus.
Most interactions are done directly via the screen of the computer and some tablet PC’s also allow for input via the user’s voice. As you know, even phones these days accept voice commands to get things done.
Tablet PC’s can run specialized versions of standard programs and can be connected to a network or to the internet. Certain and in most new models now – a keyboard and a mouse can be attached as well.
Tablet PC’s are used mainly in the graphic design field where drawing on the tablet PC’s can be translated into digital drawings and be edited by various graphic editing tools.
Handheld PC’s
Different type of computers
Handheld personal computers are computing devices small enough to fit in your hand. A popular type of handheld computer is the personal digital assistant (PDA).
A PDA is no larger than a small appointment book and is normally used for special applications such as taking notes, displaying telephone numbers and addresses and keeping track of dates or agendas.
Many PDA’s can be connected to computers to exchange data. Most PDAs come with a pen (stylus) that allows for handwriting recognition and some even have tiny built-in keyboards or microphones for voice input.
A wireless connection (Wi-Fi) can be used to access the internet with a PDA. PDAs in the later part of this century were converted into phones, cameras, music players and GPS.
The demands for PDA phones have been in the increase and of late have been mostly replaced by smart-phones that are equipped with much functionality similar to a computer.
Smart phones
Different type of computers
Smart phones are handheld devices or mobile phones that have a processing unit attached to act as a handheld computer cum phone.
These phones offer advanced features not typically found in normal cellular phones. These phones come with additional features beyond the traditional SMS and calling features. Smart phones these days allow you to surf the internet using your phone, take pictures, videos, listen to music, conduct presentations, record voice, play games, e-mail, and many other additional features.
Smart phones are also equipped with an operating system just like your desktop or laptop computers are equipped with an operating system, Windows, Linux, etc;
Supercomputers
Different type of computers
Supercomputers are the most fastest, and expensive modern computer systems. They are mostly used for intense processing and forecasting such as forecasting the weather, or super high resolution graphics such as ray traced images.
Government processes such as immigration clearances, and all other high level functionalities are handled by a supercomputer.
Supercomputers are also extensively used in the military to manage and calculate or even analyze full range of information from coordinates to traffic control and even launching systems.
Today, the world’s fastest supercomputer was developed by IBM – the IBM Roadrunner which runs on 1.026 – 1.105 Pflops or petaflops and is placed in the Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico USA taking up a space of 6000 square feet.
Mainframe computers
Different type of computers
Mainframe computers are used in large organizations such as insurance companies and banks, where many people frequently need to use the same data. In a traditional mainframe environment, each user accesses the mainframe’s resources through a terminal (network terminal).
There are two kinds of terminal, one is a dumb terminal which does not process or store data, just basic I/O – input output and the intelligent terminal which can perform processing operations but these terminals normally do not have any storage.
Mainframes are large and powerful systems to handle the processing of thousands of users at any one time. Most large organizations implement mainframes due to their flexibilities in which department computers can be allocated a certain functionality that is related to the department in response to all programs.
For instance, an airline company which wishes to sell tickets online through the internet will require to connect their current website interface to a mainframe system.
You as the user would then connect to the website or the mainframe system to key in your ticket purchase.
Minicomputers
Different type of computers
Minicomputers are small sized computers which have their capabilities between the range of a personal desktop computer and a mainframe.
Minicomputers were replaced by the microcomputers which took over the reign of those mighty minicomputers due to their greater processing power.
Today, mini and micro computers are replaced by much more powerful systems as you can see from above.
Well, that’s some bit on the various types of computers. The next time perhaps I will write an article on the history of computers from Generation 0 – Generation 5 (currently).
Different types of computers
Different type of computers
Hi everyone, I had been busy the past couple of days and did not have the time to write articles. However, with the weekend approaching, I will be taking this opportunity to write a good many articles. Something over the past few days inspired me to write about computers.
Now computers are a passion of mine and I thought it would be a good idea to write about them. Also, being in the I.T. industry for a great many years, I feel obliged to write to my best extent on computers.
Now, I am beginning a series of articles here similar to the financial series of articles that I would be posting up soon.
Now, let us define computers: A computer is the most basic understanding is an electronic device that processes data, converting it into information that is useful to people.
Even at this very moment, you are using a computer to read this article, and the history of computers dates way back to the 17th century in what was known as Generation zero. If you are wondering, we are currently in the fifth generation with artificial intelligence, quantum computation, nanotechnology, etc;
Now, I will write on the history of computing which would be interesting to some people, and fascinating to others in another article.
In this article, I am going to talk more about the different computers that are present in the current world:
· Desktop computers
· Workstations
· Notebook computers
· Tablet computers
· Handheld computers
· Smart phones
· Supercomputers
· Mainframe computers
· Minicomputers
Desktop computers
Different type of computers
The most common computer used in today’s world are the desktop computers which were specially built for personal use be it at home or work. These computers are everywhere, from your office, to your house, schools, laboratories and even public places like a public library, universities and so on. There is a great chance that you have accessed this website using a desktop computer.
Today’s computers are brilliant at task management than many years ago. Today’s desktop computers can be used to communicate, produce music, edit photographs and videos, play sophisticated games, and much more.
As the name implies, a desktop computer is a full size computer that is too big to be carried around. Nowadays, most desktop computers are equipped with two primary hardware solutions – the monitor and a casing inside which is stored the central processing unit (CPU), the motherboard, the graphic card, storage devices, buses, power supply and so on.
A desktop computer is also equipped with a keyboard and mouse which are connected to their appropriate ports at the back of the casing.
Workstations
A workstation is a specialized, single user computer that typically has more power and features than a standard desktop computer. These machines are more popular in the lab of scientists, engineers or even animators who require a system with greater than average speed and power to perform sophisticated calculations, rendering, or high level tasks.
Workstations often have larger and higher resolution monitors, and accelerated graphics. In relation to this, I would give you an example : - such as the Quadro series of graphic cards. They are commonly used in workstations.
This higher specifications allow for advanced architectural engineering design, modeling ,animation and even video editing.
Notebook computers
Notebook computers as the name implies is approximately the size of an 8.5-11 inch notebook and can easily fit inside a briefcase. Since most people including yourself would set this device on your lap and use it conveniently in eateries, cafes, at the work place, in education institutions and so on, hence the name laptop.
Notebook computers can operate on alternating current or special batteries. These special device also weighs less than 8 pounds and some even lesser than three pounds.
Using a laptop is as simple as opening a book. Think of it as opening your notebook. Similarly, when a laptop is opened, the upper lid will present a screen or lcd monitor. At the bottom is the keyboard and beneath the keyboard is the specialty hardware such as the motherboard, cpu, hard-disk and so on.
The portability of laptops is one of the most major reasons for the increased use of laptops nowadays. They are the mobile computers that can be carried anywhere and used conveniently.
Tablet PC
Different type of computers
Tablet PC’s are some of the more newer developments in portable, full featured computers. Tablet PC’s just like a notebook offers the full range of functionalities except that they are lighter and accepts input from pen/pointers known as a stylus.
Most interactions are done directly via the screen of the computer and some tablet PC’s also allow for input via the user’s voice. As you know, even phones these days accept voice commands to get things done.
Tablet PC’s can run specialized versions of standard programs and can be connected to a network or to the internet. Certain and in most new models now – a keyboard and a mouse can be attached as well.
Tablet PC’s are used mainly in the graphic design field where drawing on the tablet PC’s can be translated into digital drawings and be edited by various graphic editing tools.
Handheld PC’s
Different type of computers
Handheld personal computers are computing devices small enough to fit in your hand. A popular type of handheld computer is the personal digital assistant (PDA).
A PDA is no larger than a small appointment book and is normally used for special applications such as taking notes, displaying telephone numbers and addresses and keeping track of dates or agendas.
Many PDA’s can be connected to computers to exchange data. Most PDAs come with a pen (stylus) that allows for handwriting recognition and some even have tiny built-in keyboards or microphones for voice input.
A wireless connection (Wi-Fi) can be used to access the internet with a PDA. PDAs in the later part of this century were converted into phones, cameras, music players and GPS.
The demands for PDA phones have been in the increase and of late have been mostly replaced by smart-phones that are equipped with much functionality similar to a computer.
Smart phones
Different type of computers
Smart phones are handheld devices or mobile phones that have a processing unit attached to act as a handheld computer cum phone.
These phones offer advanced features not typically found in normal cellular phones. These phones come with additional features beyond the traditional SMS and calling features. Smart phones these days allow you to surf the internet using your phone, take pictures, videos, listen to music, conduct presentations, record voice, play games, e-mail, and many other additional features.
Smart phones are also equipped with an operating system just like your desktop or laptop computers are equipped with an operating system, Windows, Linux, etc;
Supercomputers
Different type of computers
Supercomputers are the most fastest, and expensive modern computer systems. They are mostly used for intense processing and forecasting such as forecasting the weather, or super high resolution graphics such as ray traced images.
Government processes such as immigration clearances, and all other high level functionalities are handled by a supercomputer.
Supercomputers are also extensively used in the military to manage and calculate or even analyze full range of information from coordinates to traffic control and even launching systems.
Today, the world’s fastest supercomputer was developed by IBM – the IBM Roadrunner which runs on 1.026 – 1.105 Pflops or petaflops and is placed in the Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico USA taking up a space of 6000 square feet.
Mainframe computers
Different type of computers
Mainframe computers are used in large organizations such as insurance companies and banks, where many people frequently need to use the same data. In a traditional mainframe environment, each user accesses the mainframe’s resources through a terminal (network terminal).
There are two kinds of terminal, one is a dumb terminal which does not process or store data, just basic I/O – input output and the intelligent terminal which can perform processing operations but these terminals normally do not have any storage.
Mainframes are large and powerful systems to handle the processing of thousands of users at any one time. Most large organizations implement mainframes due to their flexibilities in which department computers can be allocated a certain functionality that is related to the department in response to all programs.
For instance, an airline company which wishes to sell tickets online through the internet will require to connect their current website interface to a mainframe system.
You as the user would then connect to the website or the mainframe system to key in your ticket purchase.
Minicomputers
Different type of computers
Minicomputers are small sized computers which have their capabilities between the range of a personal desktop computer and a mainframe.
Minicomputers were replaced by the microcomputers which took over the reign of those mighty minicomputers due to their greater processing power.
Today, mini and micro computers are replaced by much more powerful systems as you can see from above.
Well, that’s some bit on the various types of computers. The next time perhaps I will write an article on the history of computers from Generation 0 – Generation 5 (currently).
The 3 idiots summary
THE 3 IDIOTS
Farhan Qureshi (R. Madhavan), Raju Rastogi (Sharman Joshi), and Rancchoddas "Rancho" Shyamaldas Chanchad (Aamir Khan) are three engineering students who share a room in a hostel at the Imperial College of Engineering, one of the best colleges in India. While Farhan and Raju are average students from modest backgrounds, Rancho is from a rich family. Farhan wants to become a wildlife photographer, but has joined engineering college to fulfil his father's wish. Raju on the other hand wants to uplift his family fortunes. Rancho is a wealthy genius who studies for the sheer joy of it. However, Rancho's passion is for knowledge and taking apart and building machines rather than the conventional obsession of the other students with exam ranks. With his different approach Rancho incurs the wrath of dean of college, Professor Viru Sahastrabudhhe (ViruS) (Boman Irani). Rancho irritates his lecturers by giving creative and unorthodox answers, and confronts ViruS after fellow student Joy Lobo hangs himself in his dormitory room. Joy had requested an extension on his major project on compassionate groundshis father had suffered a strokebut ViruS refused, saying that he himself was completely unmoved by his own son's accidental death after being hit by a train. Rancho denounces the rat race, dog-eat-dog, mindless rote learning mentality of the institution, blaming it for Lobo's death.
Threatened by Rancho's talent and free spirit, ViruS labels him an "idiot" and attempts on a number of occasions to destroy his friendship with Farhan and Raju, warning them and their parents to steer clear of Rancho. In contrast, ViruS model student is Chatur Ramalingam or "Silencer", (Omi Vaidya) who sees a high rank at the prestigious college as his ticket to higher social status, corporate power, and therefore wealth. Chatur conforms to the expectations of the system. Rancho humiliates Chatur, who is awarded the honour of making a speech at an award ceremony, by substituting obscenities into the text, which has been written by the librarian. As expected, Chatur mindlessly memorises the speech, without noticing that anything is amiss, partly aided by his lack of knowledge on Hindi. His speech becomes the laughing stock of the audience, infuriating the authorities in the process.
Meanwhile, Rancho also falls in love with ViruS' medical student daughter Pia (Kareena Kapoor) when he, Raju and Farhan crash her sister's wedding banquet in order to get a free meal, in the process further infuriating ViruS.
Meanwhile, the three students continue to anger ViruS, although Rancho continues to come first in every exam, while Chatur is always second, and Farhan and Raju are inevitably in the last two positions. The tensions come to a head when the three friends, who are already drunk, break into ViruS's house at night to allow Rancho to propose to Pia, and then urinate on a door inside the compound before running away when ViruS senses intruders. The next day, ViruS threatens to expel Raju lest he talks on the other two. Unable to choose between betraying his friend or letting down his family, Raju jumps out of the 3rd floor window and lands on a courtyard, but after extensive care from Pia and his roommates, awakes from a coma.
The experience has changed Farhan and Raju, and they adopt Rancho's outlook. Farhan decides to pursue his love of photography, while Raju takes an unexpected approach for an interview for a corporate job. He attends in plaster and a wheelchair and gives a series of non-conformal and frank answers. However, ViruS is unsympathetic and vows to make the final exam as hard as possible so that Raju is unable to graduate. Pia hears him and angrily confronts him, and when ViruS gives the same ruthless reply he gives to his students, she denounces him in the same way that Rancho did over the suicide of Lobo. Pia reveals that Viru's son and her brother was not killed in an accident but committed suicide in front of a train and left a letter because ViruS had forced him to pursue a career in engineering over his love for literature; ViruS always mentioned that he unsympathetically failed his son on the ICE entrance exams over and over to every new intake of ICE students. After this, Pia walks out on the family home, and takes ViruS's spare keys with her. She tells Rancho of the exam, and he and Farhan break into ViruS's office and steals the exam and give it to Raju, who with his new-found attitude, is unconcerned with the prospect of failing, and refuses to cheat and throws the paper away. However, ViruS catches the trio and expels them on the spot. However, they earn a reprieve when Viru's pregnant elder daughter Mona (Mona Singh) goes into labour at the same time. A heavy storm cuts all power and traffic, and Pia is still in self-imposed exile, so she instructs Rancho to deliver the baby in the college common room via VOIP, after Rancho restores power using car batteries and a power inverter that Rancho had dreamed up and ViruS had mocked. Rancho then delivers the baby with the help of a cobbled-together Vacuum extractor.
After the baby is apparently stillborn, Rancho resuscitates it. ViruS reconciles with Rancho and his friends and allows them to take their final exams and they graduate. Rancho comes first and is awarded ViruS's pen, which the professor had been keeping for decades before finding a brilliant enough student to gift it to.
Their story is framed as intermittent flashbacks from the present day, ten years after Chatur vowed revenge on Rancho for embarrassing him at the speech night and promised to become more successful than Rancho a decade later. Having lost contact with Rancho, who disappeared during the graduation party and went into seclusion, Raju and Farhan begin a journey to find him. They are joined by Chatur, now a wealthy and successful businessman, who joins them, brazenly confident that he has surpassed Rancho. Chatur is also looking to seal a deal with a famous scientist and prospective business associate named Phunsukh Wangdu. Chatur sees Wangdu, who has hundreds of patents, as his ticket to further social prestige. When they find Rancho's house, they walk into his father's funeral, and find a completely different Rancho Jaaved Jaffrey. After accusing the new man of stealing their friend's identity and profiting from his intellect, the host pulls a gun on them, but Farhan and Raju turn the tables by seizing the father's ashes and threatening to flush them down the toilet. The householder capitulates and says that their friend was a destitute servant boy who loved learning, while he, the real Rancho, was a lazy wealthy child who disliked study, so the family agreed to let the servant boy study in Rancho's place instead of labouring. In return, the real Rancho would pocket the qualifications and the benefits thereof, while the impersonator would sever all contact with the world and start a new life. The real Rancho reveals that his impersonator is now a schoolteacher in Ladakh.
Raju and Farhan then find Pia, and take her from her wedding day to Suhas by performing the same tricks with his material possessions, and having Raju turn up to the ceremony disguised as the groom and eloping with Pia in public. When they arrive in Ladakh, they see a group of enthusiastic Ladakhi children who are motivated by love of knowledge. Pia and the fake Rancho rekindle their love, while Chatur mocks and abuses Rancho the schoolteacher before walking away. When his friends ask what his real name is, he reveals that it Phunsukh Wangdu and phones Chatur, who has turned his back, to turn around and meet his prospective business partner. Chatur is horrified and falls to his knees, accepts his defeat and continues to plead his case with Phunsukh to establish the business relationship he was after.
Farhan Qureshi (R. Madhavan), Raju Rastogi (Sharman Joshi), and Rancchoddas "Rancho" Shyamaldas Chanchad (Aamir Khan) are three engineering students who share a room in a hostel at the Imperial College of Engineering, one of the best colleges in India. While Farhan and Raju are average students from modest backgrounds, Rancho is from a rich family. Farhan wants to become a wildlife photographer, but has joined engineering college to fulfil his father's wish. Raju on the other hand wants to uplift his family fortunes. Rancho is a wealthy genius who studies for the sheer joy of it. However, Rancho's passion is for knowledge and taking apart and building machines rather than the conventional obsession of the other students with exam ranks. With his different approach Rancho incurs the wrath of dean of college, Professor Viru Sahastrabudhhe (ViruS) (Boman Irani). Rancho irritates his lecturers by giving creative and unorthodox answers, and confronts ViruS after fellow student Joy Lobo hangs himself in his dormitory room. Joy had requested an extension on his major project on compassionate groundshis father had suffered a strokebut ViruS refused, saying that he himself was completely unmoved by his own son's accidental death after being hit by a train. Rancho denounces the rat race, dog-eat-dog, mindless rote learning mentality of the institution, blaming it for Lobo's death.
Threatened by Rancho's talent and free spirit, ViruS labels him an "idiot" and attempts on a number of occasions to destroy his friendship with Farhan and Raju, warning them and their parents to steer clear of Rancho. In contrast, ViruS model student is Chatur Ramalingam or "Silencer", (Omi Vaidya) who sees a high rank at the prestigious college as his ticket to higher social status, corporate power, and therefore wealth. Chatur conforms to the expectations of the system. Rancho humiliates Chatur, who is awarded the honour of making a speech at an award ceremony, by substituting obscenities into the text, which has been written by the librarian. As expected, Chatur mindlessly memorises the speech, without noticing that anything is amiss, partly aided by his lack of knowledge on Hindi. His speech becomes the laughing stock of the audience, infuriating the authorities in the process.
Meanwhile, Rancho also falls in love with ViruS' medical student daughter Pia (Kareena Kapoor) when he, Raju and Farhan crash her sister's wedding banquet in order to get a free meal, in the process further infuriating ViruS.
Meanwhile, the three students continue to anger ViruS, although Rancho continues to come first in every exam, while Chatur is always second, and Farhan and Raju are inevitably in the last two positions. The tensions come to a head when the three friends, who are already drunk, break into ViruS's house at night to allow Rancho to propose to Pia, and then urinate on a door inside the compound before running away when ViruS senses intruders. The next day, ViruS threatens to expel Raju lest he talks on the other two. Unable to choose between betraying his friend or letting down his family, Raju jumps out of the 3rd floor window and lands on a courtyard, but after extensive care from Pia and his roommates, awakes from a coma.
The experience has changed Farhan and Raju, and they adopt Rancho's outlook. Farhan decides to pursue his love of photography, while Raju takes an unexpected approach for an interview for a corporate job. He attends in plaster and a wheelchair and gives a series of non-conformal and frank answers. However, ViruS is unsympathetic and vows to make the final exam as hard as possible so that Raju is unable to graduate. Pia hears him and angrily confronts him, and when ViruS gives the same ruthless reply he gives to his students, she denounces him in the same way that Rancho did over the suicide of Lobo. Pia reveals that Viru's son and her brother was not killed in an accident but committed suicide in front of a train and left a letter because ViruS had forced him to pursue a career in engineering over his love for literature; ViruS always mentioned that he unsympathetically failed his son on the ICE entrance exams over and over to every new intake of ICE students. After this, Pia walks out on the family home, and takes ViruS's spare keys with her. She tells Rancho of the exam, and he and Farhan break into ViruS's office and steals the exam and give it to Raju, who with his new-found attitude, is unconcerned with the prospect of failing, and refuses to cheat and throws the paper away. However, ViruS catches the trio and expels them on the spot. However, they earn a reprieve when Viru's pregnant elder daughter Mona (Mona Singh) goes into labour at the same time. A heavy storm cuts all power and traffic, and Pia is still in self-imposed exile, so she instructs Rancho to deliver the baby in the college common room via VOIP, after Rancho restores power using car batteries and a power inverter that Rancho had dreamed up and ViruS had mocked. Rancho then delivers the baby with the help of a cobbled-together Vacuum extractor.
After the baby is apparently stillborn, Rancho resuscitates it. ViruS reconciles with Rancho and his friends and allows them to take their final exams and they graduate. Rancho comes first and is awarded ViruS's pen, which the professor had been keeping for decades before finding a brilliant enough student to gift it to.
Their story is framed as intermittent flashbacks from the present day, ten years after Chatur vowed revenge on Rancho for embarrassing him at the speech night and promised to become more successful than Rancho a decade later. Having lost contact with Rancho, who disappeared during the graduation party and went into seclusion, Raju and Farhan begin a journey to find him. They are joined by Chatur, now a wealthy and successful businessman, who joins them, brazenly confident that he has surpassed Rancho. Chatur is also looking to seal a deal with a famous scientist and prospective business associate named Phunsukh Wangdu. Chatur sees Wangdu, who has hundreds of patents, as his ticket to further social prestige. When they find Rancho's house, they walk into his father's funeral, and find a completely different Rancho Jaaved Jaffrey. After accusing the new man of stealing their friend's identity and profiting from his intellect, the host pulls a gun on them, but Farhan and Raju turn the tables by seizing the father's ashes and threatening to flush them down the toilet. The householder capitulates and says that their friend was a destitute servant boy who loved learning, while he, the real Rancho, was a lazy wealthy child who disliked study, so the family agreed to let the servant boy study in Rancho's place instead of labouring. In return, the real Rancho would pocket the qualifications and the benefits thereof, while the impersonator would sever all contact with the world and start a new life. The real Rancho reveals that his impersonator is now a schoolteacher in Ladakh.
Raju and Farhan then find Pia, and take her from her wedding day to Suhas by performing the same tricks with his material possessions, and having Raju turn up to the ceremony disguised as the groom and eloping with Pia in public. When they arrive in Ladakh, they see a group of enthusiastic Ladakhi children who are motivated by love of knowledge. Pia and the fake Rancho rekindle their love, while Chatur mocks and abuses Rancho the schoolteacher before walking away. When his friends ask what his real name is, he reveals that it Phunsukh Wangdu and phones Chatur, who has turned his back, to turn around and meet his prospective business partner. Chatur is horrified and falls to his knees, accepts his defeat and continues to plead his case with Phunsukh to establish the business relationship he was after.
Linggo, Hulyo 24, 2011
Huwebes, Hulyo 21, 2011
Lunes, Hulyo 18, 2011
Nico mali isa kong post.. ito mga item build ng mga hero na gus2 mo...
Traxex: Kardel: Enchantress: Huskar: Barathrum: Slark:
treads treads treads (int) treads (str) treads (str) treads
lothars lothars aghanims vanguard Madness madness
butterfly burriza dagon defiance vanguard vanguard
burriza butterfly vanguard ata? tarrasque tarrasque basher
manta manta linken aghanims ka nlng aghanims rin sange yasha ata
mkb mkb or divine refresher haha xD battlefury butterfly
treads treads treads (int) treads (str) treads (str) treads
lothars lothars aghanims vanguard Madness madness
butterfly burriza dagon defiance vanguard vanguard
burriza butterfly vanguard ata? tarrasque tarrasque basher
manta manta linken aghanims ka nlng aghanims rin sange yasha ata
mkb mkb or divine refresher haha xD battlefury butterfly
Miyerkules, Hunyo 22, 2011
Computer Education assignment #5
3 Filipino Entrepreneurs
- Diosdado Banatao (Computer Chips - Mostron and S3).
- Nonoy & Ben Colayco (Online Gaming - Level Up)
- Joey Gurango (Software Development - Webworks OS)
- Diosdado Banatao (Computer Chips - Mostron and S3).
- Nonoy & Ben Colayco (Online Gaming - Level Up)
- Joey Gurango (Software Development - Webworks OS)
Miyerkules, Hunyo 15, 2011
Computer Education assignment #4
1. Evaluate the different entrepreneurial characteristics under PEC's. How does applying similar characteristics help us succeed in the other areas of life? Explain your answers by giving examples.
even if we are not entrepreneurs we can still apply the PEC'S in our daily life,work or even at school.
When we apply the PEC'S even if we are not entrepreneurs it will still help us to be successful student or a succesful person like to always persevere on our projects and studies and have integrity and always look forward to opportunities like in school.
2.Explain how having the Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies can help you become a successful entrepreneur.
PEC's are important beacuse it gives me ideas to be a successful entrepreneur. It gives good traits that will help you be a nice and hardworking entrepreneur.
even if we are not entrepreneurs we can still apply the PEC'S in our daily life,work or even at school.
When we apply the PEC'S even if we are not entrepreneurs it will still help us to be successful student or a succesful person like to always persevere on our projects and studies and have integrity and always look forward to opportunities like in school.
2.Explain how having the Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies can help you become a successful entrepreneur.
PEC's are important beacuse it gives me ideas to be a successful entrepreneur. It gives good traits that will help you be a nice and hardworking entrepreneur.
Lunes, Hunyo 13, 2011
Computer Education assignment #3
DIFFERENT TYPE'S OF PEC'S
Achievement Cluster
I. Opportunity Seeking and Initiative
* Does things before asked or forced to by events
* Acts to extend the business into new areas, products or services
* Seizes unusual opportunities to start a new business, obtain financing, equipment, land work space or assistance
II. Risk Taking
* Deliberately calculates risks and evaluates alternatives
* Takes action to reduce risks or control outcomes
* Places self in situations involving a challenge or moderate risk
III. Demand for Efficiency and Quality
* Finds ways to do things better, faster, or cheaper
* Acts to do things that meet or exceed standards of excellence
* Develops or uses procedures to ensure work is completed on time or that work meets agreed upon standards of quality
IV. Persistence
* Takes action in the face of a significant obstacle
* Takes repeated actions or switches to an alternative strategy to meet a challenge or overcome an obstacle
* Takes personal responsibility for the performance necessary to achieve goals and objectives
V. Commitment to the Work Contract
* Makes a personal sacrifice or expends extraordinary effort to complete a job
* Pitches in with workers or in their place to get a job done
* Strives to keep customers satisfied and places long term good will over short term gain
Planning Cluster
VI. Information Seeking
* Personally seeks information from clients, suppliers or competitors
* Does personal research on how to provide a product or service
* Consults experts for business or technical advice
VII. Goal setting
* Sets goals and objectives that are personally meaningful and challenging
* Articulates clear and specific long range goals
* Sets measurable short term objectives
VIII. Systematic Planning and Monitoring
* Plans by breaking large tasks down into time-constrained sub-tasks
* Revises plans in light of feedback on performance or changing circumstances
* Keeps financial records and uses them to make business decisions
Power Cluster
IX. Persuasion and Networking
* Uses deliberate strategies to influence or persuade others
* Uses key people as agents to accomplish own objectives
* Acts to develop and maintain business contracts
X. Independence and self-confidence
* Seeks autonomy from the rules or control of others
* Sticks with own judgement in the face of opposition or early lack of success
* Expresses confidence in own ability to complete a difficult task or meet a challenge
Achievement Cluster
I. Opportunity Seeking and Initiative
* Does things before asked or forced to by events
* Acts to extend the business into new areas, products or services
* Seizes unusual opportunities to start a new business, obtain financing, equipment, land work space or assistance
II. Risk Taking
* Deliberately calculates risks and evaluates alternatives
* Takes action to reduce risks or control outcomes
* Places self in situations involving a challenge or moderate risk
III. Demand for Efficiency and Quality
* Finds ways to do things better, faster, or cheaper
* Acts to do things that meet or exceed standards of excellence
* Develops or uses procedures to ensure work is completed on time or that work meets agreed upon standards of quality
IV. Persistence
* Takes action in the face of a significant obstacle
* Takes repeated actions or switches to an alternative strategy to meet a challenge or overcome an obstacle
* Takes personal responsibility for the performance necessary to achieve goals and objectives
V. Commitment to the Work Contract
* Makes a personal sacrifice or expends extraordinary effort to complete a job
* Pitches in with workers or in their place to get a job done
* Strives to keep customers satisfied and places long term good will over short term gain
Planning Cluster
VI. Information Seeking
* Personally seeks information from clients, suppliers or competitors
* Does personal research on how to provide a product or service
* Consults experts for business or technical advice
VII. Goal setting
* Sets goals and objectives that are personally meaningful and challenging
* Articulates clear and specific long range goals
* Sets measurable short term objectives
VIII. Systematic Planning and Monitoring
* Plans by breaking large tasks down into time-constrained sub-tasks
* Revises plans in light of feedback on performance or changing circumstances
* Keeps financial records and uses them to make business decisions
Power Cluster
IX. Persuasion and Networking
* Uses deliberate strategies to influence or persuade others
* Uses key people as agents to accomplish own objectives
* Acts to develop and maintain business contracts
X. Independence and self-confidence
* Seeks autonomy from the rules or control of others
* Sticks with own judgement in the face of opposition or early lack of success
* Expresses confidence in own ability to complete a difficult task or meet a challenge
Huwebes, Hunyo 9, 2011
Computer Education homework #2
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xbLACcUN4fQ
Biofuels are a wide range of fuels which are in some way derived from biomass. The term covers solid biomass, liquid fuels and variousbiogases.[1] Biofuels are gaining increased public and scientific attention, driven by factors such as oil price spikes, the need for increasedenergy security, concern over greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuels, and government subsidies.
Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermenting the sugar components of plant materials and it is made mostly from sugar and starch crops. With advanced technology being developed, cellulosic biomass, such as trees and grasses, are also used as feedstocks for ethanol production. Ethanol can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a gasoline additive to increase octane and improve vehicle emissions. Bioethanol is widely used in the USA and in Brazil.
Biodiesel is made from vegetable oils, animal fats or recycled greases. Biodiesel can be used as a fuel for vehicles in its pure form, but it is usually used as a diesel additive to reduce levels of particulates, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons from diesel-powered vehicles. Biodiesel is produced from oils or fats using transesterification and is the most common biofuel in Europe.
Biofuels provided 1.8% of the world's transport fuel in 2008. Investment into biofuels production capacity exceeded $4 billion worldwide in 2007 and is growing.[2] According to the International Energy Agency, biofuels have the potential to meet more than a quarter of world demand for transportation fuels by 2050.[3]
Liquid fuels for transportation
Most transportation fuels are liquids, because vehicles usually require high energy density, as occurs in liquids and solids. High power density can be provided most inexpensively by aninternal combustion engine; these engines require clean burning fuels, to keep the engine clean and minimize air pollution.
The fuels that are easiest to burn cleanly are typically liquids and gases. Thus liquids (and gases that can be stored in liquid form) meet the requirements of being both portable and clean burning. Also, liquids and gases can be pumped, which means handling is easily mechanized, and thus less laborious.
First generation biofuels
'First-generation' or conventional biofuels are biofuels made from sugar, starch, and vegetable oil.
Bioalcohols
Main article: Alcohol fuel
Biologically produced alcohols, most commonly ethanol, and less commonly propanol and butanol, are produced by the action ofmicroorganisms and enzymes through the fermentation of sugars or starches (easiest), or cellulose (which is more difficult). Biobutanol (also called biogasoline) is often claimed to provide a direct replacement for gasoline, because it can be used directly in a gasoline engine (in a similar way to biodiesel in diesel engines).
Ethanol fuel is the most common biofuel worldwide, particularly in Brazil. Alcohol fuels are produced by fermentation of sugars derived fromwheat, corn, sugar beets, sugar cane, molasses and any sugar or starch that alcoholic beverages can be made from (like potato and fruitwaste, etc.). The ethanol production methods used are enzyme digestion (to release sugars from stored starches), fermentation of the sugars,distillation and drying. The distillation process requires significant energy input for heat (often unsustainable natural gas fossil fuel, but cellulosic biomass such as bagasse, the waste left after sugar cane is pressed to extract its juice, can also be used more sustainably).
Ethanol can be used in petrol engines as a replacement for gasoline; it can be mixed with gasoline to any percentage. Most existing car petrol engines can run on blends of up to 15% bioethanol with petroleum/gasoline. Ethanol has a smaller energy density than gasoline, which means it takes more fuel (volume and mass) to produce the same amount of work. An advantage of ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is that it has a higher octane rating than ethanol-free gasoline available at roadside gas stations which allows an increase of an engine's compression ratio for increased thermal efficiency. In high altitude (thin air) locations, some states mandate a mix of gasoline and ethanol as a winter oxidizer to reduce atmospheric pollution emissions.
Ethanol is also used to fuel bioethanol fireplaces. As they do not require a chimney and are "flueless", bio ethanol fires[4] are extremely useful for new build homes and apartments without a flue. The downside to these fireplaces, is that the heat output is slightly less than electric and gas fires.
In the current alcohol-from-corn production model in the United States, considering the total energy consumed by farm equipment, cultivation, planting, fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, and fungicides made from petroleum, irrigation systems, harvesting, transport of feedstock to processing plants, fermentation, distillation, drying, transport to fuel terminals and retail pumps, and lower ethanol fuel energy content, the net energy content value added and delivered to consumers is very small. And, the net benefit (all things considered) does little to reduce imported oil and fossil fuels required to produce the ethanol.[5]
Although ethanol-from-corn and other food stocks has implications both in terms of world food prices and limited, yet positive energy yield (in terms of energy delivered to customer/fossil fuels used), the technology has led to the development of cellulosic ethanol. According to a joint research agenda conducted through the U.S. Department of Energy,[6] the fossil energy ratios (FER) for cellulosic ethanol, corn ethanol, and gasoline are 10.3, 1.36, and 0.81, respectively.[7][8][9]
Even dry ethanol has roughly one-third lower energy content per unit of volume compared to gasoline, so larger / heavier fuel tanks are required to travel the same distance, or more fuel stops are required. With large current unsustainable, non-scalable subsidies, ethanol fuel still costs much more per distance traveled than current high gasoline prices in the United States.[10]
Methanol is currently produced from natural gas, a non-renewable fossil fuel. It can also be produced from biomass as biomethanol. The methanol economy is an interesting alternative to get to the hydrogen economy, compared to today's hydrogen production from natural gas. But this process is not the state-of-the-art clean solar thermal energy process where hydrogen production is directly produced from water.[11]
Butanol is formed by ABE fermentation (acetone, butanol, ethanol) and experimental modifications of the process show potentially high net energy gains with butanol as the only liquid product. Butanol will produce more energy and allegedly can be burned "straight" in existing gasoline engines (without modification to the engine or car),[12] and is less corrosive and less water soluble than ethanol, and could be distributed via existing infrastructures. DuPont and BP are working together to help develop Butanol. E. coli have also been successfully engineered to produce Butanol by hijacking their amino acid metabolism.[13]
Biodiesel
Main articles: Biodiesel and Biodiesel around the world
Biodiesel is the most common biofuel in Europe. It is produced from oils or fats using transesterification and is a liquid similar in composition to fossil/mineral diesel. Chemically, it consists mostly of fatty acid methyl (or ethyl) esters (FAMEs). Feedstocks for biodiesel include animal fats, vegetable oils, soy, rapeseed, jatropha, mahua, mustard, flax, sunflower, palm oil, hemp, field pennycress, pongamia pinnata and algae. Pure biodiesel (B100) is the lowest emission diesel fuel. Although liquefied petroleum gas and hydrogen have cleaner combustion, they are used to fuel much less efficient petrol engines and are not as widely available.
Biodiesel can be used in any diesel engine when mixed with mineral diesel. In some countries manufacturers cover their diesel engines under warranty for B100 use, although Volkswagen of Germany, for example, asks drivers to check by telephone with the VW environmental services department before switching to B100. B100 may become more viscous at lower temperatures, depending on the feedstock used. In most cases, biodiesel is compatible with diesel engines from 1994 onwards, which use 'Viton' (by DuPont) synthetic rubber in their mechanical fuel injection systems.
Electronically controlled 'common rail' and 'unit injector' type systems from the late 1990s onwards may only use biodiesel blended with conventional diesel fuel. These engines have finely metered and atomized multi-stage injection systems that are very sensitive to the viscosity of the fuel. Many current generation diesel engines are made so that they can run on B100 without altering the engine itself, although this depends on the fuel rail design. Since biodiesel is an effective solvent and cleans residues deposited by mineral diesel, engine filters may need to be replaced more often, as the biofuel dissolves old deposits in the fuel tank and pipes. It also effectively cleans the engine combustion chamber of carbon deposits, helping to maintain efficiency. In many European countries, a 5% biodiesel blend is widely used and is available at thousands of gas stations.[14][15] Biodiesel is also an oxygenated fuel, meaning that it contains a reduced amount of carbon and higher hydrogen and oxygen content than fossil diesel. This improves the combustion of biodiesel and reduces the particulate emissions from un-burnt carbon.
Biodiesel is also safe to handle and transport because it is as biodegradable as sugar, 10 times less toxic than table salt, and has a high flash point of about 300 F (148 C) compared to petroleum diesel fuel, which has a flash point of 125 F (52 C).[16]
In the USA, more than 80% of commercial trucks and city buses run on diesel. The emerging US biodiesel market is estimated to have grown 200% from 2004 to 2005. "By the end of 2006 biodiesel production was estimated to increase fourfold [from 2004] to more than 1 billion gallons".[17]
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